September 11, 2001 and the Global War on Terror Essay - 1

September 11, 2001 and the Global War on Terror - Essay Example Further, the products of war are significant for the organizations which benefit from it at the expense of human lives which are squandered as a result of it. The proof for this comes looking like reports, the government’s official proclamations and the chronicled record of the time which shows that Americans had been given an alternate story from what the ground real factors really were. It absolutely makes an individual marvel that despite the fact that the administration reveals to us that we are winning the war on dread and that all is well with the present reality, it may not be so in actuality. What we know to be genuine may not really be the realities of the issue and we could at present be driven adrift by what the legislature and the media would have us accept. For instance, even from the verifiable information that we have, we have consistently been informed that America represents majority rule government and that it represents the opportunity surprisingly. Be that as it may, with regards to colonialism and worldwide control using military force, the sheer number of American armed force bases far and wide paints a totally extraordinary picture. America doesn't seem to communicate similar beliefs in deed which it bolsters looking like words. Taking everything into account, it turns out to be anything but difficult to state that the American government may not be progressing in the direction of the enthusiasm of the American individuals yet in truth could be moving in the direction of keeping up the enthusiasm of the American organizations which bolster the legislature. Further, political destinations and political inspirations appear to be unquestionably progressively significant for the individuals who rule our nation as opposed to any ideological conviction for supporting majority rule government and maintaining what is correct. Nonetheless, this may not really be an awful thing since the administration and their activities from the past have just given us that they are sufficiently realistic to understand that words which sound pleasant are just useful for addresses. Activities which are equipped towards making sure about

Financial Statement Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Fiscal summary Analysis - Research Paper Example It gives attention to the financial specialists in that direct them in settling on significant speculation choices. The investigation of the firm will uncover its monetary foundation, working proficiency, liquidity position, and productivity, going concern, and capital structure and equipping position. Industry investigation encourages the comprehension of the working condition, recognizable proof of outer dangers and open doors for speculation, examination of patterns inside the business and the general execution of the business. The Yum! Brands Inc. is a drive-thru eatery joined in 1927. The organization builds up, works, establishments and licenses a worldwide arrangement of cafés, which make, pack and sell a menu of estimated food products. The organization has three incredible brands, TACO Bell, KFC and Pizza Hut, which has consistently continued its productivity throughout the years. Throughout the years, the organization has revealed increment in turnover, benefits and comes back to investors. The profit per portion of the organization has an upwards pattern for as far back as eight years except for 2013 when the income dropped altogether (Morningstar Inc., 2014). The company’s development is driven by its ground-breaking brands, unrivaled showcasing systems, advancement developments and contending values, and wandering into new markets (Yum! Brands Inc., 2014). The eatery business in the U.S is profoundly serious with major global organizations, for example, Yum! Brands, Starbucks, McDonald’s, Wendy’s, and Chipotle. Individual salary, socioeconomics and purchaser tastes and inclinations drive request in this industry. Singular elements in the business have changed gainfulness levels. Though the speedy assistance eateries depend on high-volume turnover and productive tasks, the full-administration cafés depend on powerful advertising and high-edge things. This industry is encountering an upward development pattern in deals, gainfulness and investors returns throughout the years

Buyer Behaviour Example

Buyer Behaviour Example Buyer Behaviour â€" Assignment Example > Buyer Behaviour in Retail ContextBuyer Behaviour in retail contextConsumer or buyer behaviour is an important area of marketing which should be given utmost importance. Marketing in all areas is done with the consumer in the mind, as he is the ultimate person going to use the products. The success of a business depends on the satisfaction of the customer. So understanding the consumer behaviour is very essential to improve and sustain the sales of any product. The field of Buyer behaviour deals with the factors influencing or associated with the decision making process of the purchase. There are two types of buyers. One is the purchase by the retail customer or end user spending his own money. He is the retail consumer. The second category is the purchase made on behalf of a business or any organization. Here the buyer does not spend his own money and only represents his business. He is the business buyer or consumer. The sales to the former are known as business to consumer and t he later as business-to-business. There are wide variations with respect to the selling concepts and the buying behaviours of both the above. For any sales person to be successful in the process of selling, either to a direct consumer or to a business, understanding his consumer is of paramount importance. He should understand the needs and requirements of the customer and be able to evaluate the major factors that would influence the customer’s choice. This broad outline is the main similarity between selling to both the groups of buyers. More than the similarities, differences are more in the buying behaviours of a retail consumer and a business consumer. The conditions affecting the buying behavior of retail consumer are more varied in nature when compared to that of the business consumer. In this report, the selling situations to both the categories are discussed through two examples and the buying criteria, buying methods, similarities and the differences between both would be analyzed. However, before that brief descriptions about the factors associated with the buying behaviours of both the groups of buyers are given. A retail consumer takes a buying decision mainly to satisfy his requirement and for his personal use. He looks out for the personal gains and satisfaction. The main factors influencing his behaviour are psychological, social and economic in nature. These in other words can be written as internal factors such as the extent of necessity of his need, level of desire (strong or weak) to buy the product, his perception and the knowledge about the product, his lifestyle, the influence exerted by his family members in choosing the product, his ability to take his own decision, and his individual personality. The social factors include the opinions of his friends, colleagues or the cultural or social group he belongs. The marketers of the products also play an important role in his decision making process. These are the way a particular bran d has been advertised, the real benefits when compared to other brands, price discounts and offers, after sales service, modes of payment and other customer experiences.

Essay on Pride and Prejudice Book Analysis - 1352 Words

In Jane Austen’s England, British heritage, it was said that â€Å"we certainly know the world of the English late 18th century and the Regency beginning the 1800s was very different from our own. Her novels of love and social manners in the Regency gentry are loved because of her brilliant use of language and her savvy insight into human motivation and relationships.† (1) The book, â€Å"Pride and Prejudice,† by Jane Austen takes place in England around the 1800s.The setting itself is what sets the mood, tone, and emotions in which is displayed within each character. During this historical time period, women had limited roles. Roles in terms of abilities to interact socially with others. Jane’s motive to have written these stories is to portray†¦show more content†¦Most of the characters in the story marry some point in the book. Property inheritance in the book, Pride and Prejudice, becomes a major factor between the relationships between the tw o families. Mr. Bennett failed to see and search for an intelligent wife. Mrs. Bennet had limited morals, social position, dignity, and lacked caring for her husband and kids. The main two characters, Elizabeth and Darcy, are both trying to find love. But, Elizabeth (protagonist) wants someone special. She describes it as the complete opposite of Darcy. Darcy (antagonist) isnt necessarily a bad guy, he’s just arrogant and prideful. Elizabeth is just prejudice against people like Darcy. This book was originally named, First Impressions, because of that very reason. As soon as Elizabeth officially got to know and understand Darcy her opinions towards him changed. Which later falls in love with Mr. Darcy and marries him. Darcy is a Byronic hero; he is very arrogant, intelligent, and sensitive. He also has a disfavor for social settings and struggles with integrity.They become extremely passionate with values better than others; therefore, arrogant. Mr. Darcy is a strong minded character that reveal mistakes; even though, their heavily extravagant and lavish. Byronic heroes are usually men and are considered attractive, giving them a sense of intelligence, sensitivity, moodiness, and charm. Mr. Darcy portraysShow MoreRelatedA Short Summary and Analysis About the Book ‘’ Pride and Prejudice’’1448 Words   |  6 PagesMazhenov Dauren Student ID: 20123464 Undergraduate Foundation English 5/ ENG0005 07/11/2012 A Short Summary And Analysis Of The Book ‘’ Pride and Prejudice’’ By Jane Austen BACKGROUND INFORMATION - BIOGRAPHY Jane Austen was born in 1775 at Steventon, Hampshire in southern England, where her father was a minister. She was the sixth child in a family of seven children. The family was very close, and Jane had a particular closeness to her sister Cassandra. Although she attended boardingRead MorePride Prejudice Literature Analysis1311 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature Analysis 2 The most difficult part of creating a masterpiece is the actual process of writing or composing it, one highly overlooked difficulty of the job of the creator is the development of a suitable title. In just a few words, an effective title gives the audience a basic idea of what they are about to spend their time reading about. Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice is an example of a novel with such a title that is very significant in the development of the story. As the readerRead MoreThe Representations of Femininity in Pride and Prejudice904 Words   |  4 Pagescenters on the values, rituals, and manners of high society in England during the Regency Era. Her most popular novel, Pride and Prejudice published in 1813 maintains the interest of its audiences as it did almost two centuries earlier as evidenced by its frequent incarnations. In 1995, the British Broadcasting Corporation produced a six episode mini-series of Pride and Prejudice in partnership with Arts Entertainment Network starring Jennifer Ehle and Colin Firth as Elizabeth and Darcy. BBC alsoRead MoreEssay on Jane Austen Novels: Success After Death1679 Words   |  7 Pagesher masterpieces Sense and Sensibility, and it seemed to not bring in as much success as it would later on in life. But the dry spell would eventually end. Two hundred years after Jane Austens death, her books gained a lot of attention (Leddy). Although Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield Park, and Emma were not well known in the early eighteen hundreds, Jane Austen novels grew a substantial amount of popularity after Jane Austens death. Jane Austen started the novel Sense andRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Pride and Prejudice Essay763 Words   |  4 PagesPride and Prejudice The characters and general setting in Jane Austens; Pride and Prejudice, portray life in the rural society of the day. Austen is very clear in setting up the social classes of the characters and immediately portrays why the book is titled Pride and Prejudice. Though the more specific example of Pride and Prejudice is that of Elizabeth and Darcy, and how they first view each other. There initial feelings towards one another set the plot of the novel. It is this constantRead MoreLiterary Analysis : Pride And Prejudice 1420 Words   |  6 PagesLiterary Analysis Research Paper MLA format Minimum requirements: Pages 1-5 (Include at least one parenthetical citation for each source listed on Works Cited page.) Author/biographical writing style Short summary of 10 sentences using plot diagram Setting Major characters Theme Symbols/motifs Literary prose techniques Prose analysis Page 6 Reflections – your opinion of author novel (see your reaction journal) Page 7 Works Cited (minimum of 5 reliable sources) Felicia L. Cridland ProfessorRead More Analysis of Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen Essay example1278 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen It centers on the elder sisters of the Bennet family, Jane and Elizabeth. Their personalities, misunderstandings and the roles of pride and prejudice play a large part in the development of their individual relationships. The spirited Elizabeth and softhearted Jane have to deal with not only their own feelings but also the status of their family, both of which affect the outcomes of their marriages. The struggle is very believable and realisticRead MoreJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice1434 Words   |  6 PagesJane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice was considered a radical novel back in 1813 when she wrote and published the piece. It is a social commentary on the treatment and societal standards of women, as well marriage expectations at the turn of the 19th century. Austen criticizes the patriarchal society, materialism, double standards of men and women by centering the book around Elizabeth Bennett, a young woman of decent means who does not understand the reason for the pressure to find a suitable husbandRead MoreWrite a Critical Analysis of Jane Austen’s Novel Pride and Prejudice, Paying Special Attention to Family Politics. Comment on the Elizabeth – Darcy Relationship. What Makes Elizabeth and Darcy Different from All Other Characters in the Novel?909 Words   |  4 PagesWrite a critical analysis of Jane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice, paying special attention to family politics. Comment on the Elizabeth – Darcy relationship. What makes Elizabeth and Darcy different from all other characters in the novel? Student: Daniela Gospodinova In the 19th century in England, when Jane Austen writes, the marriage is something that every young woman wants - to marry a single, wealthy men, showing both joy and gratitude. In the beginning of the novel, the openingRead MoreDichotomy In Jane Austens Pride And Prejudice878 Words   |  4 Pagesdichotomies in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice is made evident in the title. Namely, the book and the title reflect the division between individual as a spontaneous self and individual as socially constructed part of a greater whole, and the interaction that takes place as a result of the interaction between these selves. â€Å"Pride,† while it can be informed by the presence of others, is a character trait that can exist individual qua individual. For example, compares â€Å"pride† to â€Å"vanity,† a word with

Dealing with Change in Life - 646 Words

We all have dealt with change at one point in our life. Change comes in many ways from having a new baby being born to transitioning to a new career. What I call this is forces of change. Secondly is how we process that change. It may simple and it may not be simple. Lastly once you process the change you are then able to manage change. If you manage change you will not be as stressed if you let it take over you. Change is never when you are ready. Yes you may plan to move to a new home or new state but you are still dealing with stress. The majority of us have change come to us when we are not ready. The most change that we have in our life is that of career change or work changes. We see it every day businesses may close or merge with another business. This is a big deal because people need to look for a new job or plan to retire. This change would be consider planned change. (Nelson Quick, 2013 p.668). Another change is that when managers are changed at your job. Managers come and go in a company. Many managers will move up in the company and many will pursue a different career. This is tough for employees to deal with because they get use to working in one direction until someone new comes in. This is consider to be unplanned change. (Nelson Quick, 2013 p668). Many companies do change as a globalize style. To me having a globalize style of change is planned and unplanned. I say this be cause the company knows where they are moving or when they are moving, but no oneShow MoreRelatedProblems Human Service Clients are facing1123 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Problems Human Service Clients are facing Tosha Hawes BSHS/305 Instructor: Angela Murray The Range of Problems facing Human Service Clients Clients are rarely dealing with just one issue at a time. Individuals, groups, and communities are facing a wide range of problems. These problems could range from housing needs, food, mental illness, drug abuse, or family issues, which may be difficult to deal with on just one level. Those individuals or groups and the problems they are facingRead MoreThe Necklace Short Story889 Words   |  4 Pagesthe truth and do the best they can with their situation? The quote â€Å"We dont get to choose what is true. We only get to choose what we do about it.† from Kami Garcia states that when presented with a challenge or an inconvenient truth, one cannot change the circumstances given, but they do have a choice in how they react to the truth. In addition, no one way of handling truth is right or wrong and everyone will react differently to a situation. Nevertheless, there are better and worse ways of handlingRead MoreEssay Teens Emotional Reactions after Parents Separation975 Words à ‚  |  4 Pagesthat happens because going through a situation like this is not something that is easy, and many emotions become involved. Dealing with their parents can be difficult for some teens, but for many others, they feel as if a divorce will make their family happier without seeing all of the fighting. Handling divorce is so difficult when it comes to teens, and is a process of life. Not all teens have the same reactions that other teens may experience in the different living environments. Seeing that yourRead MoreEssay on The Cheese Is Moving: Help Me to Change!1414 Words   |  6 PagesThe book â€Å"Who Moved My Cheese?† (Johnson, 1998) is an allegory of how people react to change. The story is of how two mice, Sniff and Scurry, and two littlepeople, Hem and Haw react to life in the â€Å"Maze† in their search for â€Å"cheese.† The â€Å"cheese† is a metaphor for the things that we want in our lives. For different people this represents different things they seek to make them satisfied. â€Å"The â€Å"Maze† in the story represents where you spend time looking for what you want† (Johnson, 1998, p.14)Read MorePrimary Aging Of Older Adults898 Words   |  4 PagesPrimary aging refers to the normal and intrinsic processes of biologic al aging (PSYC 401: Lisa Hollis-Sawyer, personal communication 10/11/11). Skin changes and hair changing to gray hair are examples of primary aging in older adults. In addition, in primary aging, the sensory senses begin to change in older adults. The aging-related changes, in the integumentary system due to aging are graying of the hair wrinkling of skin, reduced skin, dry skin, thicker nails and age spots (PSY:403 ShannonRead MoreClimate Change : A Global Threat For The Population1377 Words   |  6 PagesClimate change is viewed as new global threat for the population all around the world. Climate change can be define as â€Å"Disturbance in environment and climate patterns with respect to increased level of atmospheric carbon dioxide, methane and nitrogen ratio†. Climate change is now tagged as critical security problem for present and upcoming generations with the passage of time. It is now predicted that these climate changes will increase the risk of violent conflict. Climate change is not only affectingRead MoreThe Effect Of Peer Pressure On Teens And Schools Essay1711 Words   |  7 Pagestheir own, so they look for peers to make their decision or for their peers opinions (Dealing with peer-pressure 1 ). If s chools would implement peer pressure programs it would benefit the decision that teenagers are making. It would also teach them how not to fall under the influence of peers. Teenagers tend to let peers influence them in a negatively way. Which cause drastic changes in their everyday life (Dealing with peer-pressure 1). 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Introduction Stress is induced by life events .Lazarus and Flokman in (Cavanaugh and Blanchard –Field (2005) point out stress is defined by the person and that no two people experiences stress the same event in exactly the same way. Each individual has a specific tolerance for stress dependingRead MoreGestalt Therapy Essay1631 Words   |  7 PagesTheory Overview Founder and developer of Gestalt Therapy, Fritz Perls MD, PhD, was born in 1893 to a Jewish family and passed away in 1970. Perls became inspired to start Gestalt therapy after his experiences with soldiers in World War I that were dealing with side effects due to being gassed. With the help of his wife, Laura Posner Perls, PhD, a strong foundation for Gestalt therapy was created. They wanted a therapy that stressed the importance of humans as a whole rather than as a sum of discretely

The Piercer Free Essays

S w 908M57 The Piercer Colleen Sharen and Nicole Nolan wrote this case solely to provide material for class discussion. The authors do not intend to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of a managerial situation. The authors may have disguised certain names and other identifying information to protect confidentiality. We will write a custom essay sample on The Piercer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ivey Management Services prohibits any form of reproduction, storage or transmittal without its written permission. Reproduction of this material is not covered under authorization by any reproduction rights organization. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Ivey Management Services, c/o Richard Ivey School of Business, The University o f Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 3K7; phone (519) 661-3208; fax (519) 661-3882; e-mail cases@ivey. uwo. ca. Copyright  © 2008, Ivey Management Services Version: (A) 2008-08-22 â€Å"Don’t forget, your business idea pitch is due in two weeks,† said Professor Sharen at the end of class. Jessica Pierce turned to look at her project team mate, Ashley Mound. Jessica and Ashley were fourth-year management and organizational studies students at Brescia University College, taking an introduction to entrepreneurship course. Ashley and Jessica had developed an idea for the assignment: a personal safety alarm that both shrieked and flashed lights when the person carrying it set off the alarm function. Given the concern that many people had over personal safety, it seemed like a great business idea. In order to present their idea, they needed to show that there was a market for this product and that they had a way to sell it to consumers. The problem was that they did not really know how or where to start to get the information that they needed. They had a lot of work to do to be ready to present their project in the next two weeks. THE ASSIGNMENT The business pitch assignment was challenging. Sharen had asked students to develop an interesting business idea and present it to a panel of potential investors. These investors included a successful serial entrepreneur, a business consultant who practised in the area of small- and medium-size enterprises, an owner of a marketing and advertising services business and a business professor. The students were asked to present an innovative idea, show why it would be successful in the market place, demonstrate potential markets, show the business model and sell themselves to the investors as entrepreneurs. The investors were instructed to view their investments as seed money to enable the students to further develop business plans and prototypes of their ideas. The students weren’t required to complete a financial analysis for this assignment. Purchased by Gaia Cuccarini (gaia. cuccarini@yahoo. it) on March 21, 2013 Page 2 9B08M057 The investors were asked to assess project ideas on the basis of the feasibility of the idea and whether they believed that the entrepreneurs would be able to deliver. They could consider the appeal of the idea itself, the logistics and operations required to run the business, the effectiveness of the business plan, the longterm viability of the business or the size of the market. The assignment would be graded 50 per cent based on how much money the teams received from the investors and 50 per cent on the quality of their presentation by the professor. THE IDEA The Piercer was a small device that hung on a chain worn around the neck. When activated, The Piercer emitted a piercing sound that traveled for approximately 500 meters, as well as a bright flashing light. To deactivate The Piercer, the wearer had to push two buttons simultaneously. This was to prevent an attacker from being able to deactivate the device. The piercing noise and the bright flashing light were designed to scare away attackers and attract those who might assist the person being attacked. In the situation of imminent attack, a person would not have to rely on their voice or bring a whistle to their mouth to signal for help. Ashley and Jessica had researched costs and thought that by manufacturing in China, they could make The Piercer for $2 and sell it for $7. 50 wholesale, with a retail price of $14. 95. The idea made sense to Ashley and Jessica. It fit with recent social and demographic trends as aging baby boomers began to need assistance with injuries and falls, and with increased general concerns about health, safety and violence. WHAT NEXT? Jessica and Ashley thought that they had a good idea. Now they had to prove it. What were the target markets for this product? How big were they? Which ones should they choose? How should they sell to them? What proportion of the target market should they expect to capture? Where should they look for information to help them make these decisions? A SIMPLE GUIDE TO INFORMATION RESOURCES AND EVALUATION Ashley and Jessica must do secondary research to be able to evaluate and implement their idea. They will need to consider 1) how to evaluate resources, 2) how to develop effective search strategies and 3) how to identify proprietary resources that support the case for this business. 1. How to Evaluate Resources Information is available everywhere, and for this reason, Jessica and Ashley need to be able to discriminate between good and poor quality information. Appropriate information usage for an academic project includes evaluating and assessing resources for reliability and credibility. Purchased by Gaia Cuccarini (gaia. cuccarini@yahoo. it) on March 21, 2013 Page 3 9B08M057 Goals ? ? ? ? ? Ashley and Jessica should be able to locate and differentiate free versus proprietary web resources. They should be able to identify a quality website. They should be able to evaluate books and other print resources for quality and reliability. They should understand the difference between scholarly and non-scholarly articles and resources. They should be able to cite information properly. Free Versus Proprietary Web Resources Many students think that the World Wide Web has the answers for everything. While the web can have valuable information, students pay (through their tuition) to have access to quality proprietary information resources. Ashley and Jessica could examine some free web sites to help them. For example, associations, company information and government information can be very helpful, as long as the user knows how to determine the quality of a website. Quality Web Sites Anyone anywhere can make a website. Just because it is on the web, does not mean it is good quality or reliable. When Ashley and Jessica are evaluating websites, they need to consider: Who is providing the information? ? Is it a government institution, a university or a company? ? Does the url make sense (e. g. .org, . edu, . on. ca)? ? Does the owner of the website have anything to gain by providing the information? ? Does the owner of the website have good credentials? ? Has anyone updated the website recently? Note that Wikipedia is not necessarily a reliable resource. Anyone anywhere can modify these pages. While it might be a place to find some resources or links, students should not cite Wikipedia as a reliable resource in an academic paper. The University of Alberta put together a good web evaluation checklist: http://www. library. ualberta. ca/instruction/science/evalweb. pdf For a more comprehensive list on evaluating web resources, see the bibliography on the topic: http://www. lib. vt. edu/help/instruct/evaluate/evalbiblio. html Purchased by Gaia Cuccarini (gaia. cuccarini@yahoo. it) on March 21, 2013 Page 4 9B08M057 Evaluating Other Resources Ashley and Jessica need to be critical of all the resources they use, not just websites. Ideally, they should be able to discriminate between proprietary and non-proprietary websites, scholarly and non-scholarly resources and evaluate the quality of any book used. Things for Ashley and Jessica to consider include: ? Who published the book or made the information available? ? How old is the information? ? Has the information been updated recently? ? Is the information peer reviewed? Does this matter? ? Did the library buy and recommend the resource? Is the author credible? Scholarly Versus Non-Scholarly Resources An academic library will provide access to both scholarly and non-scholarly resources. Scholarly work generally refers to published work that has been through a peer review process. Especially in the field of business, there are many practitioner resources. Therefore, Jessica and Ashley need to be aware of the type of information they are gathering. For example, industry trends, say from Standard and Poors NetAdvantage, is not a scholarly resource, yet the information within them could be valuable. Alternatively, ProQuest ABI Inform Global provides access to scholarly articles. Ashley and Jessica may also consider the relative value of evidence or fact versus opinion. Students should not read things and trust that what they are reading is accurate. Students should think about the rigor with which the argument is made and the evidence presented. ? Is there evidence to back up a claim? ? Has the evidence been collected in a reliable way? ? Is the author stating an opinion without backing up his or her ideas? Citing Work It is important that Ashley and Jessica cited their work properly, to avoid accidental plagiarism. Some of the more confusing things to cite include Statistics Canada data or online information. Statistics Canada has a website that describes systematically how to cite its tables, publications or other datasets: http://www. statcan. ca/english/freepub/12-591-XIE/12-591-XIE2006001. htm In addition, most academic libraries will have information about citation procedures, or will have copies of publication manuals available for borrowing. Any librarian can be asked about citation procedures. Purchased by Gaia Cuccarini (gaia. cuccarini@yahoo. it) on March 21, 2013 Page 5 9B08M057 2. How to Develop Search Strategies Goals ? ? ? ? Ashley and Jessica should know the difference between searching in different search fields, such as the abstract field and title field They should be able to use this technology to search the unique fields They should be able to use the â€Å"AND,† â€Å"OR,† or â€Å"NOT† features of a search engine to help narrow their search. They should understand what truncation and proximity search strategies are, and how that influences a search. Most search engines that index information have similar features. If Ashley and Jessica understand the concepts in searching, they can apply them to any search engine. Take Advantage of Search Fields For example, records in an index have many different fields such as keywords, title, author, publication title, document title, abstract, full document, date, author, etc. It is often possible to specify what part of the record to search in, which helps to be more specific with the search. Searching an entire text document may retrieve less meaningful records than a search of just abstracts. Use Boolean Search Strategies Using â€Å"AND† and â€Å"OR† can be helpful in expanding or narrowing a search. AND narrows a search and OR expands it. Using the term â€Å"NOT† can also be helpful, but should be limited. For example, searching for beer companies will retrieve companies on diamonds (DeBeers). Excluding the term â€Å"diamond† from a search on beer companies could be helpful in narrowing one’s search. Truncation and Proximity Many search engines allow for truncation and proximity searching. In ProQuest, an asterisk symbol will truncate. For example, if one types â€Å"leader*† into a search box, records with leader, leaders and leadership will be retrieved. This helps capture all variations of a word. Proximity searching refers to how close two words are together in a document. Presumably, if two words are close together in a document, they are more likely to have something to do with each other. In ProQuest, a â€Å"w/1† or â€Å"w/2† (â€Å"w/3,† etc. ) facilitates proximity searching. For example, if Ashley or Jessica typed â€Å"organizational w/3 learning† in the search box, they will retrieve documents where the word â€Å"organizational† is within three words of â€Å"learning. † Find Creative Ways In There are many different ways to find information. Knowing a company name or a competitor’s name is convenient. Taking advantage of key words (or subject terms) also is a good way to search. Purchased by Gaia Cuccarini (gaia. cuccarini@yahoo. it) on March 21, 2013 Page 6 9B08M057 It is also a good idea to brainstorm for synonyms prior to beginning a search. Being d eliberate about a search strategy and deciding on what concepts to combine can really help make the search go easier. Searching is iterative as well. One is advised to read some articles to learn the jargon of the topic, then go back and do the search again using the subject jargon. Most librarians will help on developing a search strategy! 3. How to Identify Proprietary Resources Goals Ashley and Jessica should be able to identify library resources and understand what type of information they can find in various types of resources. The following databases are some of the library databases that Ashley and Jessica could consider. They could also go to the library (or call or e-mail) and ask for assistance. Library staff will know what resources the library has, if there are any other resources that may be of use and how to access and use the resources. Finding Background Scholarly Articles ProQuest ABI Inform Global is a database that indexes business and management journal articles. Most of the articles are available in full text, and both scholarly and non-scholarly articles are available. The search box in ProQuest has a drop-down menu on the right that allows users to search in specific fields. For example, users can search the title, abstract, author, company or publication fields. Scopus is a database that indexes articles on the social sciences, life sciences, physical sciences and health sciences. For the purposes of a business or entrepreneurship project, searching only the social sciences category would be appropriate. This resource indexed scholarly articles. Google Scholar is a free resource that indexes scholarly information from the World Wide Web. There is an advanced search engine feature to help specify a search. Many academic institutions integrate access to full text articles with Google Scholar. This means that any article the student has access to via the library, is also available to them via Google Scholar. Because Google Scholar is integrated with library resources, the student will likely need to either be on campus, or logged into the off-campus proxy server to take advantage of these services. If they are off campus or not logged into the proxy server the student can still search Google Scholar, but access to full text resources may be limited. Finding News and Magazine Articles Factiva is a database that indexes newspapers and magazines. While this resource does not index scholarly articles, it is a broad resource that captures current global news and events. LexisNexis has a comprehensive database that indexes newspapers and magazines. significant Canadian content indexed there. Purchased by Gaia Cuccarini (gaia. cuccarini@yahoo. it) on March 21, 2013 There is also Page 7 9B08M057 Finding Industry Trends Several databases including Standard Poors NetAdvantage, Mintel and Marketline provide reports on industry trends. These databases provide regularly updated reports on broad industries. Each database tends to report on different industries, so students would have to do some trial and error research to find relevant reports. Students may find their topic is too narrow for these reports. The Financial Post Investor Suite is a database that provides industry information from a Canadian perspective. Finding Company Information Company information may be important for a project such as The Piercer, especially for researching competitors. MarketLine provides company information, including financial information, company descriptions and a list of competitors. Similarly, Hoovers provides comprehensive company descriptions. Not all companies are in both resources, therefore checking both resources is recommended for company research. Marketing and Advertising The World Advertising Research Center (WARC) is a resource that provides access to information about marketing and advertising, as well as to case studies of winning ad campaigns. Such a resource could be helpful in this context to see if other, similar products have been marketed, and if so, how they have been marketed. There is scholarly and non-scholarly information in this resource. Technology Information Both eMarketer and Forrester have information about technology trends. There may be information about the Internet, emerging technologies or electronic marketing. Statistics and Demographics Statistics Canada provides access to demographic data. Many secondary educational institutions participate in the Data Liberation Initiative. This means that information a member of the public would have to pay for, can be retrieved for free by a student. Students, through the academic library website, can use data for research. For more information about accessing statistics, students can talk to their subject librarian. Some resources that Statistics Canada has that might be useful to find demographics include the Market Research Handbook, Canadian Business Patterns, CANSIM data, Census data, and Canadian Social Trends, among others. There are other resources available via www. statcan. ca such as Community Profiles. Data are available down to groupings of the population of about 2,000 to 7,000 people, meaning students can find demographic data for each 2,000- to 7,000-person neighbourhood across the country. Purchased by Gaia Cuccarini (gaia. cuccarini@yahoo. it) on March 21, 2013 Page 8 9B08M057 Global Information Although global research may not be as important for a product such as The Piercer, other entrepreneurial projects may require researching the global market. Economic Intelligence Unit, Global Market Information Database and Business Monitor Online are three resources that provide global market and industry information. Other Helpful Resources Students are encouraged to use the World Wide Web to help them find good information. For example, city homepages often have information about setting up a business. Association websites also can have helpful information. Also, banks have entrepreneurial information on their websites. In addition, many books in the library explain how to develop small business plans or provide information on entrepreneurship. Purchased by Gaia Cuccarini (gaia. cuccarini@yahoo. it) on March 21, 2013 How to cite The Piercer, Papers

Rewarding performance †comparison of alternative reward systems

Introduction Reward systems are the programs that are set up by different firms to recognize and appreciate the individual’s work in the organization. The main purpose for this is motivation. The concept of reward system comes from the fact that employees need to be motivated to work and this is achieved either by intrinsic or extrinsic rewards.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Rewarding performance – comparison of alternative reward systems specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More All reward systems revolve around the assumptions of attracting, retaining and motivating individuals. Reward systems are not only based on the financial needs since there are other factors required to motivate employees and increase their level of performance (Ledford, 1995). Organizations have adopted alternative reward systems so as to increase both, the domestic and international competition. Normally, performance-based compen sation is considered in designing most reward systems because companies are aimed at cutting costs, restructuring and improving performance (Lawler, 1995). Therefore, in order to ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of reward systems, it is vital to ensure that they are based on performance. Hence, management should embrace the fact that rewarding performance is a continuous process that is essential for current and future employee performance. A reward system is a major contributor to shaping employment relationships. However, there are various forces that have an impact on the pay systems. The impact of the reward system will be felt in changing the work design and organization as a whole. This is as a result of putting emphasis on the individual performance. However, all reward systems have two elements that contradict each other. These include tensions and conflict between employer and employee (Hamel and Heene, 1994). Alternative reward systems are normally linked to employe e participation programs and are embraced by employers as strategies that are necessary in the current global competitive marketplace.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This can be seen from the point of view that compensation for work done by the employees has been changing. In the past, it was referred to as payment. It was later referred to as remuneration and now, as reward. Reward systems The basic types of reward systems include direct financial compensation (salaries/wages), Indirect financial compensation – other financial rewards, other than wages and salaries (for example, medical cover, insurance cover and paid leave) and Non-financial compensation – most are intangible and they are relate to the satisfaction that an individual gets from performing his duties. They can be as a result of meaningful jobs or a good environment (Schuster, 1992). Financial rewards are based on three criteria. They include the base salary, pay incentives and employee benefits. All of these can be categorized as extrinsic rewards, which are aimed at meeting the basic needs of individual and non-financial rewards are based on two things; intrinsic rewards – revolving around individual work and recognition rewards, which are given to employee by their superiors. A reward system normally has three main objectives. The objectives include attracting new work force to the firm, showing exemplary work performance and inducing commitment to the organization (Quinn, 1987). Attracting new employees is based on the fact that reward systems are designed with packages that aim at marketing individual reputation as desirable in the job market. It also gives employers confidence that employees will perform effectively.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Rewarding performance – comparison of alternative reward systems specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Performance is achieved by the use of a reward system since it motivates the individual to work extra hard. This is because they are promised a bonus or pay increase. This can be channeled in three different ways. This could apply for individuals, team or the entire organization. However, the individual performance-related pay could be challenging because it is based on the assumption that the pay, by itself, motivates workers. Reward systems boost and strengthen the psychological contract. It brings out the behavior that organization values the most. Psychological contract, in a way, determines the perception of employees concerning what they believe in. This is in terms of the reward they receive for the work they do. Without the psychological contact, the management cad face problems with the employees. The remuneration system should be able to attract and retain people of the right caliber. It gives rewards that wi ll increase the workers’ motivation (Senge, 1990). Financial compensations for employees are different for different companies. They are affected be various factors. One of the factors is the type of the organization. This depends on whether the organization is a profit making or not, whether it is private or under public ownership and many more. The size of the organization, type of industry, importance of the employee’s job, level of the job, contribution to profit, span of control, the employees education and experience, competition and supply or demand also affect the type of compensation employed (Spencer and Spencer, 1995). Direct versus indirect pay Direct pay is normally what the employees of an organization will receive in the bank account. This could be in terms of basic pay, overtime, paid leave, commission, merit pay or firm profit sharing.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, indirect pay is commonly referred to as benefits, and it is the additional package that an individual gets on top of the direct pay. They include things like the health cover, insurance cover, company car, entertainment, club membership, mobile phone and retirement plans (Collins, 1994). Salaries versus Bonuses A fixed monthly payment is the main financial incentive for employees. It is usually adjusted and reviewed to reflect employee’s development. A salary is advantageous for both, the firm and the employees. For the firm, it makes it easy to administer. For the employee, it provides security. One can budget for it since he or she is sure it will be provided. However, salary is not closely related to performance and sometimes, it leads to complacency on the part of the employees. Most firms supplement a salary with a bonus. A bonus is directly related to the results achieved. It is a sum of money given, usually at the end of the year or additionally to t he salary. It is usually used by profit making firms. Bonus may be based on contribution to profit, waste reductions, sales increase and reduction in absenteeism. Profit-Sharing versus Stock ownership In profit sharing, the employees are given a certain percentage of profit. The profit sharing may be in form of cash or it may be kept in a fund and given out at a later stage. This could be at an agreed date or particular age. Profit sharing can help reduce turnover and attract better employees as well as help increase morale on the part of employees, leading to increased group co-operation. In stock ownership, some companies do sell shares to their employees. This gives employees a personal stake in the company and can make them more willing to improve the company’s performance. Pension plans The firm invests funds for its employees and this is disbursed back to them when they retire. Pension plans help employees stay longer in the firm. It helps meet the employees need for se curity and this means that it can boost their morale. The advantages of these reward systems include encouraging greater effort of employees, helping boost their morale, helping in problem solving (for example, it could help reduce waste of material, it could be of help where bonus is based on reduction of waste and encourages harmony at work, especially when employees receive group bonuses). However, this reward system can be disadvantageous in the various ways. Firstly, it is difficult to measure each individual’s contribution (in terms of sales or profits), it is expensive to administer, it takes time and makes management even more complex. When it is a group bonus, the high performers may feel discouraged when they are rewarded using the same rate as the low performers. Alternative Reward systems Alternative reward systems have two main corporate goals. Firstly, they provide a reward for the employees who are able to compete against their fellow employees in the same depa rtment. Secondly, they seek to enhance the removal of the general wage increase that is based on collective power and it replaces them with one of the payments based on individual or group performance standards. This increases the conflict between the system and the union in which some employees may be part of. Traditional wage compensations are straightforward and can easily be the measure for paying employees. The system can be useful when the employees’ wage and benefit packages are to be calculated to get the present and future values with some degree of accuracy. On the other hand, nontraditional lump sum payment can never be at par with the economic value of a general wage increase. Wage increases produce a constantly increasing income flow, which is accumulated each year (Torrington et al., 2005). Alternative reward systems can be categorized in the following payment schemes. Profit Sharing versus Gain sharing Profit sharing is normally a great disadvantage to employee s. This is because there are numerous factors that affect profitability. They are normally out of the employee’s control. Management decision making and overall economic conditions have different roles in determining the profit or loss of a company. In addition, the huge profits are not always beneficial for the employees in the present economy (Zingheim, 1995). On the other hand, gain sharing – as a reward – is not as bad as profit sharing. In many instances, it results in cutbacks in the employment levels as employees share their knowledge with their superiors so as to increase the overall productivity. Pay for Knowledge versus pay for performance This form of reward is used in most organizations. It revolves around the management’s plan to improve the employees’ work. It makes it more flexible and simplifies their job classifications. However, this system normally results in reduced employment and increased job stress. This is because the employ ees try to generalize their work and end up specializing in none (Roth, 2000). Pay for performance, also known as merit pay system, is said to cultivate favoritism since it is not entirely based on fairness. This makes the system conflict greatly with the union movement. Critiques say that, in most cases, it is purely based on the manipulation of the management. Factors Influencing Basic Reward System and Practices One factor is the demand and supply of labour and labour markets. The law of demand and supply must be considered. The higher the supply of laborers in the labour market in relation to demand, the lower the salaries and wages paid. However, when there is scarcity of labour, there will be less supply of labour in relation to demand. This means that the wages and salaries will go up. Hence, to achieve external consistency of wages and salaries, the organization’s wage and salary policies must take into account labour market conditions and prevailing wage rates. Union Pressures – Labour union pressures exert considerable influence upon the wage and salary issues. Generally, the more powerful a union is or the stronger the bargaining power (as measured by its membership and leadership strengths), the greater the possibility of higher wages and salaries. Job requirements in terms of knowledge and skills – Various jobs in an organization are graded according to the relative skills, efforts, responsibility or job conditions. The wages or salaries of the employees increase with the difficulty of the job (Ruona and Roth, 2000). The size or ability of organization to pay – larger organizations have higher chances of making good profits. Large companies or organizations tend to pay higher wages and salaries relative to smaller organizations because of their ability to pay (Scherer, 1980). Product competitiveness and prospects for higher profits – If an organization’s product (goods or services) is highly competitive an d profits are good, the wage level in the organization is likely to rise. Hence, the market leaders in terms of products or services will make more profits and pay better than their competitors pay since their quality will be higher (Scherer and Ross, 1990). Psychological and Sociological or Ethical factors – These factors exert a considerable influence on the company’s wage levels because if the employees are dissatisfied with wages and salaries paid to them, a sizeable pressure for wage or salary increase will be developed frequently. This at times may not be justified on purely economic grounds. Psychologically, individuals perceive the level of wages and salary as a measure of satisfaction, security and status in life. Wage or salary differentials serve to depict social hierarchies. This is seen in the way individuals rate themselves using their salaries. Ethically, individuals feel that wages and salaries should be commensurate with their efforts. Government polic y and action in wage determination – similar to the pressures from trade unions, the government exerts pressure on the wage and salary practices. Acting in the public interest, government may pass legislation, issue executive orders or establish commissions with a view to regulate compensation policies and practices for the purpose of attaining specific social and economic objectives such as elimination of exceptionally low wages (Shavell, 1998). Cost of living or consumer price index – This is often regarded as an automatic minimum pay criterion. Due to the high cost of living resulting from increased prices, various organizations increase their wages and salaries. This leads to an increase in Productivity (Taylor, 2005). Conclusion Alternative reward systems should aim at attracting the most qualified employees and motivate them individually and collectively. This would make them more efficient and effective. A good reward system must have the four things that follow : The organization must consider the system in its entirety. The firm should be looked at as a system that is interrelated. Besides the money, there should be good leadership, appreciation, respect and growth. Secondly, they should be related to the performance of employees so that they do not feel exploited. Good performers must be compensated well. Thirdly, the reward system must be reviewed and amended frequently. It may be adjusted to reflect changes either in the firm or on the part of the employees. Examples include increased responsibilities, rise in cost of living and development of skills. Fourthly, it must be fair, simple and objective. It should be also simple and not costly to administer (Bratton, 2007). References Bratton, J Gold, J 2007, Human resource management: Theory and practice, Palgrave Macmillan, Hampshire, UK. Collins, JC Porras JI 1994, Built to Last: Succesful Habits of Visionary Companies, HarperCollins, New York. Hamel, G Heene A 1994, Competence-Base d Competition, John Wiley Sons, New York. Lawler, EE 1995, ’The New Pay: A Strategic Approach’, Compensation Benefits Review, Vol. 3, pp. 14-22. Ledford, GE 1995, ’Designing Nimble Reward Systems’, Compensation Benefits Review, Vol. 4, pp. 46-54. Ruona, WE Roth, G 2000, ‘Philosophical foundations of human resource development practice’, Advances in Developing Human Resources, Vol. 3, no. 2. Scherer, FM 1980, Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance, Houghton Mifflin, Boston. Scherer, FM Ross, D 1990, Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance, Houghton Mifflin, Boston. Schuster, JR Zingheim PK1992, The New Pay: Linking Employee and Organizational Performance, Lexington/Macmillan, New York. Senge, PM 1990, The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization, Doubleday New York. Shavell, S Ypersele V 1998, Rewards versus Intellectual Property Rights, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Spencer , LM Spencer SM 1993, Competence at Work: Models for Superior Performance, John Wiley Sons, New York. Torrington, D, Hall, L Taylor, S 2005, Human resource management, Prentice-Hall,Essex, U.K. Quinn, JB, Baruch JJ Pawuette P 1987, ’Technology in Services’ Scientific American, pp. 50-58. Zingheim PK Schuster JR 1995, ’Moving One Notch North: Executing the Transition to New Pay’, Compensation Benefits Review, pp. 33-39. This essay on Rewarding performance – comparison of alternative reward systems was written and submitted by user Jayla Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.